منابع مشابه
Jumping performance of froghopper insects.
The kinematics of jumping in froghopper insects were analysed from high speed sequences of images captured at rates up to 8000 s(-1). In a jump, the attitude of the body is set by the front and middle legs, and the propulsion is delivered by rapid and synchronous movements of the hind legs that are 1.5 times longer than the other legs, but are only about half the length of the body and represen...
متن کاملThe mechanics of azimuth control in jumping by froghopper insects.
Many animals move so fast that there is no time for sensory feedback to correct possible errors. The biomechanics of the limbs participating in such movements appear to be configured to simplify neural control. To test this general principle, we analysed how froghopper insects control the azimuth direction of their rapid jumps, using high speed video of the natural movements and modelling to un...
متن کاملNeural control and coordination of jumping in froghopper insects.
The thrust for jumping in froghopper insects is produced by a rapid, synchronous depression of both hind legs generated by huge, multipartite trochanteral depressor muscles in the thorax and smaller levator muscles in the coxae. A three-phase motor pattern activates these muscles in jumping. First, a levation phase lasts a few hundred milliseconds, in which a burst of spikes in the trochanteral...
متن کاملOne Giant Leap: How Insects Achieved Altruism and Colonial Life
E the care across generations of the offspring of a reproductive caste by a nonreproductive or less reproductive worker caste, is the most advanced level of social life in the insects. Although the condition is rare in evolution, once attained, it has often been spectacularly successful. Thus, while only 2% of known insect species are eusocial, these species compose most of the insect biomass; ...
متن کاملMorphology and action of the hind leg joints controlling jumping in froghopper insects.
The morphology and movements of key joints of the hind legs that generate the rapid jumping of froghoppers were analysed. The movements of an individual hind leg during a jump occur in three phases. First, the trochanter is slowly levated about the coxa so that the femur moves anteriorly and engages with a lateral protrusion on the coxa. Second, both hind legs are held in this fully levated (co...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 2003
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/424509a